It has become an invaluable tool in scientific research and engineering because it provides a universal reference point for measuring temperature that is independent of the properties of any specific material. Lord Kelvin collaborated with other physicists, including James Joule, to refine the Kelvin temperature scale. William Thomson, known as Lord Kelvin, proposed the idea of an absolute temperature scale based on absolute zero, where molecular motion stops. The Kelvin scale is also called the absolute temperature scale. He used the average human body temperature to define 100 degrees on the scale. In 1724 Fahrenheit created the mercury-in-glass thermometer which had a standardized temperature scale and greater accuracy than existing thermometers.įahrenheit used a specific mixture of ice and salt to define zero degrees on the Fahrenheit scale. The Fahrenheit temperature scale was developed by Polish-German physicist and engineer Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit. The Celsius scale is also known as the centigrade scale. Its simplicity with reference points based on the properties of water made it widely adopted and essential for scientific and everyday temperature measurements. It was developed by Swedish astronomer and physicist Anders Celsius in the 18th century.Ĭelsius proposed a temperature scale with 0 degrees as the freezing point of water and 100 degrees as the boiling point of water. 218.52 Origins of the Temperature Scales What is Celsius?Ĭelsius is the most widely used temperature scale in the world today.
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